Photocatalyzed Radical Cascade Reaction for the Synthesis of CF₂CF₂-Containing Benz[e]indene Derivatives

Abstract

A photocatalyzed-radical cascade reaction for the synthesis of tetrafluoroethylene (–CF₂CF₂–)-containing benz[e]indene derivatives has been developed. Investigation of the substrate scope reveals that electron-rich arenes accelerate the cascade process. DFT calculations provide insight into the reaction pathway and the role of the additive. Furthermore, application studies demonstrate access to potentially valuable compounds.

Keywords

Fluoroalkylene - Tetrafluoroethylene - Photoredox - Cascade reaction - Benz[e]indene - Radical reaction - Hydrazones - Cyclization

Publication History

Received: 29 August 2025

Accepted after revision: 08 October 2025

Accepted Manuscript online:
08 October 2025

Article published online:
05 November 2025

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